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The most recent edition of Turabian's A Manual for Writers is kept at the Reference Desk at the Roy O West Library. The Turabian Manual is also available in the Prevo and Music Reference collections.

Call number: PN203 .T8 2007

Additional information on Chicago/Turabian style may be found at these websites:

Turabian Style

This page contains general information about Turabian style.  For specific examples of how to format materials, mouse over the heading for this page and then click on the type of material from the menu.

Turabian Style has two options for paper formats:

• Notes/Bibliography Style
• Parenthetical Citations/Reference List Style

Notes/Bibliography Style

When you use the Notes/Bibliography Style, you cite a source by placing a superscript number at the end of the sentence that refers to that source. The numbers correspond to a note with the same number.  The notes are either in the footer of a paper (footnotes) or at the end of the paper (endnotes). At the end of the paper, all sources are listed on a Bibliography page alphabetically by author. 

If you have more than one item by the same author, they are listed as follows, alphabetized by title.

Twain, Mark. Following the Equator: A Journey Around the World. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1899.

---. Tom Sawyer Abroad. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1896.

Parenthetical Citations/Reference List Style

If you use the Parenthetical Citations/Reference List Style, then you cite a source by placing a parenthetical citation next to your reference to that source. If you are using a direct quotation, the citation comes immediately after the quotation, otherwise it comes at the end of the sentence before the final punctuation mark.   At the end of the paper, all sources are listed on a References page alphabetically by author. (This style is also known as the Author-Date Style.)

If you have more than one item by the same author, they are listed as follows, by year of publication.

Twain, Mark. 1896. Tom Sawyer abroad. New York: Harper & Brothers.

Twain, Mark. 1899. Following the equator: A journey around the world. New York: Harper & Brothers.

You cannot mix and match these styles; only one style should be used in each paper.

The Chicago and Turabian styles are nearly identical.

Kate Turabian, the dissertation secretary at the University of Chicago for over 30 years, developed her guide for students and researchers writing papers, theses, and dissertations. Her manual is based on the University of Chicago Press's Manual of Style and departs from it in few places. "Turabian," as her guide is called, synthesizes the rules most important for students' papers and other scholarly research not intended for publication, and omits some of the publishing details and options that "Chicago" provides.